1. Mwachidule:

(1) Lingaliro: Avian fuluwenza (avian fuluwenza) ndi zokhudza zonse matenda opatsirana kwambiri nkhuku chifukwa ena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda serotype tizilombo ta mtundu A fuluwenza mavairasi.

Zizindikiro zachipatala: kupuma movutikira, kuchepa kwa dzira, kutuluka kwa magazi m'ziwalo zonse mthupi, komanso kufa kwakukulu.

(2) Makhalidwe a Etiological

Malingana ndi antigenicity yosiyana: imagawidwa mu 3 serotypes: A, B, ndi C. Mtundu A ukhoza kupatsira nyama zosiyanasiyana, ndipo chimfine cha mbalame ndi cha mtundu A.

HA imagawidwa m'mitundu 1-16, ndipo NA imagawidwa m'mitundu 1-10. Palibe chitetezo pakati pa HA ndi NA.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa chimfine cha avian ndi matenda a chitopa, kachilombo ka avian influenza kangathe kuwunjikana m'maselo ofiira a akavalo ndi nkhosa, koma matenda a chitopa sangathe.

(3) Kuchulukana kwa ma virus

Avian fuluwenza mavairasi akhoza kukula mu nkhuku mazira, kotero mavairasi akhoza olekanitsidwa ndi kudutsa ndi allantoic inoculation wa 9-11 wachikulire nkhuku miluza.

(4) Kukaniza

Mavairasi a chimfine amamva kutentha

56 ℃ ~ 30 mphindi

kutentha kwambiri 60 ℃ ~ 10 mphindi Kutaya ntchito

65 ~ 70 ℃, mphindi zingapo

-10 ℃ ~ kupulumuka kwa miyezi ingapo mpaka kupitirira chaka

-70 ℃ ~ imakhalabe ndi matenda kwa nthawi yayitali

Kutentha kochepa (chitetezo cha glycerin）4 ℃ ~ 30 masiku 50 (mu ndowe)

20 ℃ ~ 7 masiku (mu ndowe), masiku 18 (mu nthenga)

Nyama ya nkhuku yowuma ndi mafuta a mafupa amatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa miyezi 10.

Inactivation: formaldehyde, halogen, peracetic acid, ayodini, etc.

2. Makhalidwe a Epidemiological

(1) Zinyama zotengeka

Nkhuku, nkhuku, abakha, atsekwe ndi mitundu ina ya nkhuku yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe (H9N2)

(2) Gwero la matenda

Mbalame zodwala ndi nkhuku zowonongeka zimatha kuwononga zida, chakudya, madzi akumwa, ndi zina zotero.

(3) Chitsanzo cha zochitika

H5N1 subtype imafalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana. Matendawa amayamba nthawi imodzi mu khola la nkhuku, kenako amafalikira kwa mbalame zoyandikana m'masiku 1-3, ndipo amakhudza gulu lonselo m'masiku 5-7. Kufa kwa nkhuku zopanda chitetezo m'masiku 5-7 ndi 90% ~ 100%