Milandu ya poizoni chifukwa cha mankhwala olakwika omwe ziweto zimagwiritsidwa ntchito

01 Kupha nyama

Ndi chitukuko cha intaneti, njira za anthu wamba kuti apeze zokambirana ndi chidziwitso zakhala zosavuta, ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zonse. Nthawi zambiri ndimacheza ndi eni ziweto, ndimapeza kuti sakudziwa zambiri za matendawa kapena mankhwala akapatsa ziweto zawo mankhwala. Amangowona pa intaneti kuti ena apatsa ziweto zawo mankhwala kapena kuti ndi othandiza, motero amapatsanso ziweto zawo mankhwala motengera njira yomweyo. Izi zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu.

Aliyense pa intaneti amatha kusiya mauthenga, koma mwina sangakhale onse. N'kutheka kuti matenda ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana angapangitse zotsatira zosiyana, ndipo zotsatira zina zazikulu sizingawonekerebe. Zina zachititsa kuti anthu azifa kwambiri, koma wolemba nkhaniyo mwina sangadziwe chifukwa chake. Nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi zochitika zomwe eni ziweto amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olakwika, ndipo zovuta zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chamankhwala olakwika m'zipatala zina. Masiku ano, tigwiritsa ntchito milandu ingapo kuti tifotokoze kufunikira kwa chitetezo chamankhwala.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amphaka amakumana nawo mosakayikira ndi gentamicin, chifukwa zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndizochuluka komanso zofunikira, choncho sindimagwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri. Komabe, chifukwa champhamvu yake komanso kukhala mankhwala omwe amawakonda pakati pa madokotala ambiri a nyama. Palibe chifukwa chosiyanitsa mosamala pamene mphaka wapsa, kusanza kapena kutsekula m'mimba chifukwa cha chimfine. Ingoyipatsani jekeseni, ndipo jekeseni imodzi patsiku kwa masiku atatu otsatizana ingathandize kwambiri kuti achire. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade, makamaka pa ziweto zomwe zili ndi matenda a impso am'mbuyomu, kutaya madzi m'thupi, ndi sepsis. Nephrotoxicity ndi ototoxicity ya mankhwala aminoglycoside amadziwika bwino kwa madokotala onse, ndipo gentamicin ndi poizoni kwambiri kuposa mankhwala ena ofanana. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndinakumana ndi mphaka amene mwadzidzidzi anasanza kangapo motsatizana. Ndinapempha mwiniwake wa ziweto kuti awone ngati mkodzo wawo unali wabwino kwa theka la tsiku ndikujambula zithunzi za kusanza ndi matumbo. Komabe, mwini ziwetoyo anali ndi nkhawa ndi matendawa ndipo anatumiza ku chipatala chapafupi kuti akalandire jakisoni popanda kuyesedwa. Tsiku lotsatira, mphaka anali wofooka komanso waulesi, sanadye kapena kumwa, sanakodze ndipo anapitiriza kusanza. Analangizidwa kuti apite kuchipatala kukayezetsa zamoyo. Zinapezeka kuti kulephera kwa impso sikunachiritsidwebe, ndipo adamwalira mkati mwa ola limodzi. Chipatalachi mwachibadwa chimakana kuvomereza kuti chinali chifukwa cha kusowa kwawo kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosasamala, koma amakana kupereka zolemba za mankhwala. Eni ake a ziweto amangolandira zolemba zamankhwala atapita kupolisi, komwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gentamicin panthawi ya kulephera kwa impso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu awonongeke ndi kufa mkati mwa maola 24. Potsirizira pake, ndi kuloŵerera kwa ofesi ya zaulimi yakumidzi yakumidzi, chipatalacho chinalipira ndalamazo.

02 Chiphe cha agalu

Agalu omwe ali ndi ziweto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi thupi lolemera kwambiri komanso amalekerera bwino mankhwala, kotero pokhapokha ngati zitavuta kwambiri, sadyedwa mosavuta ndi mankhwala. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya poyizoni mwa agalu ndi yothamangitsa tizilombo komanso yochepetsa kutentha thupi. Poyizoni wothamangitsa tizilombo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana agalu kapena agalu ang'onoang'ono olemera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tizilombo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kapena malo osambira agalu chifukwa chosalamulirika. Ndikosavuta kupewa. Sankhani mtundu wodalirika, tsatirani mosamalitsa malangizo, werengerani mlingo, ndipo mugwiritse ntchito mosamala.

Poyizoni wamankhwala a Antifebrile nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha eni ziweto zomwe amawerenga mosasintha pa intaneti. Eni ziweto ambiri sadziwa kutentha kwabwino kwa amphaka ndi agalu, ndipo kumatengerabe zizolowezi za anthu. Zipatala za ziweto sizikufunanso kufotokoza zambiri, zomwe zingayambitse nkhawa za eni ziweto ndikupeza ndalama zambiri. Kutentha kwabwino kwa amphaka ndi agalu ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kwa anthu. Kwa amphaka ndi agalu, kutentha kwathu kwakukulu kwa madigiri 39 kungakhale kutentha kwa thupi. Mabwenzi ena, akuwopa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa kutentha thupi mwachangu, sanamwe mankhwala a malungo ndipo kutentha kwa thupi lawo kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa hypothermia. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mopitirira muyeso ndikowopsanso. Eni ziweto amawona pa intaneti kuti mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi acetaminophen, omwe amadziwikanso kuti Tylenol (acetaminophen) ku China. Tabuleti imodzi ndi mamiligalamu 650, zomwe zingayambitse poizoni ndi imfa kwa amphaka ndi agalu pa 50 milligrams pa kilogalamu ndi 200 milligrams pa kilogalamu. Ziweto zimayamwa mkati mwa ola limodzi lazakudya, ndipo pakatha maola 6, zimakhala ndi jaundice, hematuria, kugwedezeka, zizindikiro za minyewa, kusanza, kumeza, kupuma movutikira, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu, ndi kufa.

03 Chiphe cha nkhumba

Nkhumba za ku Guinea zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo mankhwala otetezeka omwe angagwiritse ntchito ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa amphaka ndi agalu. Eni ziweto omwe akhala akusunga nkhumba za Guinea kwa nthawi yayitali amadziwa izi, koma kwa anzawo omwe angokulira kumene, n'zosavuta kulakwitsa. Magwero a chidziwitso cholakwika nthawi zambiri amakhala pa intaneti, ndipo palinso madokotala ena a ziweto omwe mwina sanakumanepo ndi ziweto, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe adakumana nazo pochiza amphaka ndi agalu, ndiyeno. Kupulumuka kwa nkhumba za nkhumba pambuyo poyizoni kumakhala kofanana ndi chozizwitsa, chifukwa palibe njira yochizira, ndipo amatha kuyesa kuwongolera ndikuwona tsogolo lawo.

Mankhwala omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu nkhumba za nkhumba ndi poyizoni wa maantibayotiki komanso poyizoni wamankhwala ozizira. Pali maantibayotiki okwana 10 okha amene nkhumba zingagwiritse ntchito. Kupatula jakisoni 3 ndi 2 otsika kalasi mankhwala, 5 mankhwala ntchito pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo azithromycin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, metronidazole, ndi trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole. Aliyense wa mankhwalawa ali ndi matenda enieni komanso zotsatirapo zake, ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachisawawa. Mankhwala oyamba omwe nkhumba za nkhumba sizingagwiritse ntchito mkati ndi amoxicillin, koma awa ndi mankhwala omwe amakondedwa ndi madokotala ambiri a ziweto. Ndawonapo nguluwe yomwe poyamba inalibe matenda, mwina chifukwa choyetsemula pafupipafupi chifukwa chokondolera ufa wa udzu pamene ikudya udzu. Pambuyo pojambula zithunzi za X-ray, anapeza kuti mtima, mapapo, ndi njira zodutsa mpweya zinali zabwinobwino, ndipo dokotalayo mosasamala analembera nguluwe ya sunox. Tsiku lotsatira atamwa mankhwalawo, Nkhangayo inayamba kufooka m’maganizo ndipo chilakolako chinachepa. Atabwera kudzaonana ndi dokotala pa tsiku lachitatu, anali atafooka kale ndipo anasiya kudya... Mwina chinali chikondi cha mwini ziweto chimene chinasuntha kumwamba. Iyi ndi intestinal gwiinea pig yomwe ndidayiwonapo itapulumutsidwa, ndipo achipatala aperekanso chipukuta misozi.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutu nthawi zambiri amayambitsa poizoni wa nkhumba, ndipo ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri omwe ali ndi kawopsedwe kwambiri, monga ayodini, mowa, mafuta odzola a erythromycin, ndi mankhwala ena a matenda a pakhungu omwe nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa ndi zotsatsa. Sindinganene kuti zidzatsogolera ku imfa ya nkhumba, koma mwayi wa imfa ndiwokwera kwambiri. Mwezi uno, nkhumba ina inadwala matenda a khungu. Mwini ziwetoyo adamvetsera kutsitsi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi amphaka ndi agalu omwe adayambitsidwa pa intaneti, ndipo adamwalira ndi kukomoka patatha masiku awiri atagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mankhwala ozizira amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhumba, ndipo mankhwala onse amafupikitsidwa pambuyo poyesera kwanthawi yayitali labotale komanso zambiri. Nthawi zambiri ndimamva eni ziweto omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olakwika akunena kuti adawona m'buku kuti zomwe zimatchedwa chizindikiro ndi chimfine, ndipo amafunika kumwa mankhwala monga ma granules ozizira, houttuynia granules, ndi ana aminophen ndi yellow amine. Amandiuza kuti ngakhale atawagwiritsa ntchito, alibe mphamvu, ndipo mankhwalawa sanayesedwe mokwanira ndikutsimikiziridwa kuti ndi othandiza. Komanso, nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi nguluwe zikafa nditazitenga. Houttuynia cordata amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafamu a nkhumba pofuna kupewa matenda a kupuma mu nkhumba za nkhumba, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti zosakaniza za Houttuynia cordata ndi Houttuynia cordata granules ndizosiyana. Dzulo lake dzulo, ndinakumana ndi mwini chiweto cha nkhanga yemwe anamupatsa milingo itatu ya mankhwala ozizira. Malinga ndi positiyi, 1 gramu idaperekedwa nthawi iliyonse. Kodi pali mfundo yowerengera ndi gram pamene mbira zimwa mankhwala? Malinga ndi kuyesako, zimangotenga ma milligrams a 50 kuti awononge imfa, ndi mlingo wakupha 20 nthawi zambiri. Imayamba kusadya m’mawa ndipo imachoka masana.

Mankhwala aziweto amafunika kutsatira mosamalitsa miyezo yamankhwala, mankhwala azizindikiro, kumwa kwanthawi yake, komanso kupewa kusintha matenda ang'onoang'ono kukhala aakulu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mosasamala.