Kukambilananso za Kulephera kwa aimpso kwa Galu

-Kulephera kwaimpso kovutirapo-

M'masiku 10 apitawa, agalu awiri adakumana ndi vuto lalikulu la impso, m'modzi adachoka, ndipo mwini ziweto akugwirabe ntchito molimbika kuchiza. Chifukwa chomwe timafotokozera momveka bwino za kulephera kwaimpso ndichifukwa chakuti pakuyesa koyamba kwa biochemical, zizindikiro za chiwindi ndi impso zinali zathanzi, ndipo panalibe zizindikiro za kulephera kwa impso m'thupi. Pambuyo 1-2 masiku kuunika, thupi mwadzidzidzi kumva womasuka, ndi utachepa chilakolako, kufooka thupi, ndi maganizo ulesi. Kenaka, pa tsiku lachitatu lopita kuchipatala kukayezetsa, zizindikiro za impso zimasonyeza kulephera kwa impso, ndipo zizindikiro za chiwindi zinawonjezeka. Posakhalitsa, zina zofunika chiwalo matenda monga uremia, mtima kulephera, ndi kwa chiwindi encephalopathy anaonekera mmodzi ndi mzake pasanathe masiku angapo. Iliyonse mwa matenda awa atha kupha agalu… Chifukwa chiyani kulephera kwa impso kuli kowopsa? Kodi pali chiyembekezo pambuyo pa kulephera kwa impso?

Kodi kulephera kwa impso ndi chiyani kwa agalu? Choyamba, kulephera kwaimpso si matenda amodzi, koma ndi mawu ophatikizana a mayankho ambiri a matenda okhudzana ndi thanzi la impso ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito. Impso yathanzi ndiyomwe imayang'anira zamadzimadzi m'thupi, kutulutsa mahomoni ofunikira kuti apange maselo ofiira amagazi, kuchotsa poizoni wa metabolic, ndikusunga bwino ma electrolyte. Impso ikakhala ndi vuto, siyitha kugwira bwino ntchito izi, motero kulephera kwaimpso nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi, kusalinganika kwa electrolyte, acidosis, alkalosis, ndi uremia.

Galu aimpso kulephera akhoza kugawidwa mu pachimake aimpso kulephera ndi aakulu aimpso kulephera. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kulephera kwaimpso kumakhudzana ndi kuyamwa kwa poizoni kapena matenda, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa impso mkati mwa maola kapena masiku angapo. Kulephera kwakukulu kwa impso kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, pokhapokha ngati ndi mankhwala olakwika omwe angadziwike kupyolera mu zolemba za mankhwala. Kulephera kwa impso ndi chitukuko chomwe chimakhala kwa masabata, miyezi, kapena zaka, ndikuchepa kwa impso kosalekeza. Ku United States, gawo lalikulu limagwirizana mwachindunji ndi ukalamba, ndipo ku China, kudya kwanthawi yayitali kwa zinthu zovulaza kapena zizolowezi zosagwirizana ndi sayansi zimagwirizananso. Chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso ndizovuta kudziwa. Pokhapokha pamene impso itaya zoposa 75% ya ntchito yake padzakhala ma laboratory mawonetseredwe. N’zosakayikitsa kuti mutatha kudya chakudya china kwa chaka chimodzi, sipadzakhala mavuto. Ikafika chaka chimodzi ndi tsiku limodzi, impsozo zimakhala zitayamba kuchepa kuchoka pa kuchuluka kupita ku khalidwe labwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti impso ziwonongeke.

- Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwaimpso,

Chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza thanzi la impso chingayambitse kulephera kwa impso. Ngati ndi tsatanetsatane, zifukwa zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa

1: Kukalamba sikumangowonetseredwa ndi nkhope yofooka ndi kupirira, komanso kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya kukonzanso maselo a visceral, pang'onopang'ono kufooketsa chiwalo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kulephera kwa impso chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe sizili zakunja. M’nkhani zam’mbuyomo zonena za agalu okalamba, tinafotokoza kuti matenda a mtima ndi impso ndi amene amapha agalu okalamba.

2: Mavuto obadwa nawo obadwa nawo kapena chibadwa, kukula kwa impso, zotupa za impso, kapena kukhala ndi impso imodzi pakubadwa zonse zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu paimpso, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa kulephera kwaimpso.

3: Matenda a mabakiteriya, matenda ambiri opatsirana komanso mabakiteriya amatha kulowa mu impso, kuwononga maselo a impso. Ambiri a iwo amayamba chifukwa cha kusambira m’madzi oipitsidwa ndi auve, kapena kumwa madzi auve ochokera kumadera akutchire kunja. Mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi amenewa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kutupa kwa impso ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo, kutsatiridwa ndi kufooka kwa impso, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga, ndipo pamapeto pake kulephera kwa impso.

4: Nephrotoxicity ndiyomwe imayambitsa kulephera kwaimpso ku China, ndipo zinthu zapoizoni zimatha kuwononga maselo a impso. Agalu akamadya zakudya zapoizoni, monga zoletsa kuzizira ndi maluŵa, zakudya zambiri zingayambitse impso kulephera, ndipo ngakhale kukhala opanda mankhwala ochizira; Mankhwala ambiri angayambitsenso kulephera kwa impso, monga mankhwala ozizira ambiri ndi gentamicin. Osachepera theka la malangizo mankhwala amanena kuti matenda a impso ayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kapena kuchepetsa mlingo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito aimpso insufficiency.

5: Kutaya madzi m'thupi kwakanthawi kochepa, kutsekula m'mimba kosalekeza, kusanza, kutentha thupi, kutuluka magazi kwambiri, ascites, ndi zina zotero.

-Kulephera kwaimpso kwanthawi yayitali-

Kulephera kwa impso koopsa komanso kosatha ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe angawononge moyo wa agalu. Kulephera kwakukulu kwa aimpso kumatha kufa mkati mwa masiku angapo, koma chabwino ndi chakuti chithandizo choyenera, mwayi ukhoza kubweretsa kuchira kwathunthu. Kulephera kwaimpso kosatha sikungasonyeze zizindikiro zoonekeratu pakanthawi kochepa, koma chitukuko cha matendawa chimakhala chapakatikati ndipo sichingachiritsidwe kwathunthu. Ikhoza kukhalabe ndi impso kuti zisawononge ntchito komanso kutalikitsa moyo.

Malinga ndi International Renal Association (IRIS), kulephera kwa impso kwanthawi yayitali kumagawidwa m'magulu anayi. Kuchulukirachulukira, ziweto zimakumananso ndi zizindikiro zambiri, ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira, chimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za bungweli, nthawi yapakatikati ya kupulumuka kwa agalu mu gawo loyamba la kulephera kwa impso kupitilira masiku 400, nthawi yapakati pagawo lachiwiri ndi masiku 200-400, gawo lachitatu ndi masiku 100-200, ndipo kupulumuka nthawi mu gawo lachinayi ndi masiku 14-80 okha. Zowonadi, kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ndi chisamaliro chasayansi cha eni ziweto zimathandizira kwambiri kutalika kwa moyo. Kupatula dialysis, palibe mankhwala enieni ochiza impso, kotero zotsatira za mankhwala osasankha zimatha kufulumizitsa kukula kwa matenda.

Popeza kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira, ndi zizindikiro zotani za kulephera kwaimpso? Chifukwa chomwe kulephera kwaimpso kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira chifukwa zizindikiro zake zoyamba zimakhala zosaoneka bwino, ndipo kutulukira nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi zinthu zangozi, monga kuwonjezeka kwa mkodzo mu chikhodzodzo ndi kuchepa kwa mkodzo; Mwachitsanzo, zokhudza zonse kufooka ndi maganizo ulesi chifukwa cha kuchepa potaziyamu zili m'magazi; Mwachitsanzo, kusanza pafupipafupi komanso kutsekula m'mimba mwa apo ndi apo; Pamene vutoli likuipiraipira, pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zina zoonekeratu, monga magazi mumkodzo, kugona ndi kutopa, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi mkamwa wotumbululuka, zilonda zam'kamwa zosalekeza, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa thupi, kufooka kwa ubongo kulamulira thupi, kuyenda kosakhazikika, kuchepa kwa njala; kwambiri kapena kuchepa kwa mkodzo;

Mutatha kukumana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, nthawi yomweyo mutengere chiweto chanu ku chipatala chapafupi chomwe chili pafupi kuti akamuyezetse. Nthawi zambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesa biochemical ndi zinthu 16 kapena kupitilira apo, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro za impso monga creatinine, urea nitrogen, ndi phosphorous. Chifukwa chiwindi ndi impso nthawi zambiri zimakula limodzi, kuyang'ana zizindikiro za chiwindi ndikofunikira. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, kudziwa chikhalidwe cha aimpso kulephera, yesetsani kudziwa chifukwa cha aimpso kulephera mmene ndingathere, ndiyeno kulandira chandamale chithandizo. Mosamalitsa, mosamalitsa, ndiyeno mosamalitsa kulamulira moyo ndi zakudya, mwa njira iyi yokhayo yomwe kukula kwa matendawa kungachedwetsedwe momwe mungathere komanso kuti moyo ukhale wochuluka.