PAET ONE

Galu wammphuno wamfupi

Nthawi zambiri ndimamva anzanga akunena kuti agalu omwe amaoneka ngati agalu komanso osaoneka ngati agalu amalankhula ngati opotokola lilime.Mukutanthauza chiyani?90% ya agalu omwe timawawona ali ndi mphuno zazitali, zomwe ndi zotsatira za kusinthika kwachilengedwe.Agalu asintha mphuno zazitali kuti azitha kumva kununkhira bwino komanso kuti azikhala ndi ma cell omwe amanunkhiza.Kuonjezera apo, mphuno yayitali ndi yoyenera kuthamanga, kuthamangitsa ndi kusaka.Mphuno ikatalika komanso yokulirapo, m'pamenenso mpweya wochuluka ukhoza kuukoka ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Popeza agalu amphuno zazitali ndi zotsatira za chisinthiko, ndi agalu ati amphuno amfupi?Agalu onse amphuno amfupi ndi zotsatira za kuswana kochita kupanga.Cholinga chokha ndicho kuoneka bwino komanso kukongola.Dziko lathu ndi dziko lalikulu lolima agalu amphuno zazifupi.Mwina ndi chuma ndi mphamvu za anthu akale, kotero ife ndife dziko loyamba kulima agalu a ziweto.Galu wotchuka kwambiri wa ku Beijing (Jingba), Bago ndi Xishi onse ndi agalu otchuka kwambiri.Amadziwika ndi miyendo inayi yaifupi, mphuno yaifupi, nkhope yozungulira ndi maso aakulu, ndi maonekedwe okongola a mwana.Mwachitsanzo, agalu aku Beijing anali agalu omwe amatsagana ndi akazi achifumu ndi akazi apambali kunyumba yachifumu yachilimwe.Zofunikira pa kulima ndizoti asakhale ndi zochita zambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, kukhala kosavuta kugwira, komanso kukhala okondeka komanso ofunda Ofewa, kapena zochitika za gulu la akazi omwe akuthamangitsa galu zidzakhala zochititsa manyazi kwambiri.

PAET TWO

Matenda a mtima

Agalu amphuno amfupi awa m'dziko lathu akhala akuwetedwa kwa nthawi yayitali.Kunena zoona, pali matenda ambiri ocheperapo kusiyana ndi agalu ena, koma matenda ena ndi ofala kwambiri.Matenda awo makamaka mtima matenda ndi kupuma matenda, ndi muzu chifukwa ndi yochepa mphuno.

Anzanu omwe alera agalu a Peking ndi pugs amadziwa kuti matenda amtima sangalambalale.M’mikhalidwe yabwino, amakhala ndi moyo wautali.Ndizofala kuwalera mwasayansi ndi kuwasamalira mosamala.Ndizofala kukhala ndi moyo zaka 16-18, ndipo matenda amtima amapezeka kwa galu aliyense wamtunduwu.Ambiri a iwo amachokera ku cholowa, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono amasonyeza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndi chitukuko m'moyo.Nthawi zambiri amayamba zaka 8-13.Zimawonetsedwa ngati kusagwira ntchito, kupuma pakamwa motsegula, kutopa kosavuta, kuchepa kwa njala, chifuwa ndi kupuma, makamaka m'chilimwe.

Mwina ndichifukwa chakuti agalu amasewerawa sakonda zochitika nthawi wamba, kotero zizindikirozi ndizosavuta kuzibisa.Choncho eni ziweto akadziwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda oopsa ndipo amavutika kupuma asanapite kuchipatala kuti akapimidwe.Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zoyendera zikuphatikizapo X-ray kuti adziwe kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa mtima, zipatala zokhala ndi zida zamtima za ultrasound ndi teknoloji yabwino ya dokotala imatha kudziwa ntchito ya mtima, kutsekedwa kwa mitral ndi tricuspid valve ndi reflux, makulidwe a mtima, ndi zina zotero. zipatala zingapo zili ndi ECG, zomwe zimatha kuweruza molondola vuto lalikulu.Komabe, eni ziweto zonse ayenera kupeza zidziwitso zoyambirira ndi mawonekedwe osindikizidwa, kutumiza chithunzi choyambirira cha X-ray ndikuchisunga mufoni yam'manja.Xinchao amasindikiza lipoti la Xinchao ndikulisunga kunyumba.Zomwe zipatala zambiri zitha kupulumutsidwa kwa miyezi 1-2.N'kutheka kuti simungachipeze pambuyo pake pamene mukufuna kufananiza kuchira.

Kuzindikira kwamatenda a mtimaza agalundiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.Kuweruza kolakwika kungayambitse imfa ya galu.Mwachitsanzo, kulephera kwa mtima kudayamba.Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa kugunda kwa mtima kunayambitsa kulephera kwa mtima kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, sitimalimbikitsa mwachisawawa mankhwala ochizira matenda amtima, koma nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza pamankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ndi mtima, tidzagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala ena a antihypertensive ndi mankhwala kuti tichepetse trachea ndi bronchus kuti tithandizire kupuma.

PAET ATATU

Matenda opuma

Kuphatikiza pa matenda amtima wamba, matenda opuma amakhalanso mavuto osapeŵeka kwa agalu amphuno amfupi.Chiwalo chimodzi cha mphuno, mmero, trachea, bronchus ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri chimadwala, ndipo ena onse amatha kutenga kachilomboka.Mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa.Pakakhala vuto la mtima, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa pulmonary edema, pleural effusion ndi mawonetseredwe ena a matenda, omwe amakhudza kwambiri kupuma.Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, agalu ambiri amphuno amfupi amabadwa ndi mtima woipa, koma sangadwale, koma pamene pali matenda a m'mapapo ndi kupuma, nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda a mtima.

Matenda awiri odziwika kwambiri a kupuma kwa agalu amfupi amphuno ndi achilengedwe "palate yofewa yayitali" ndi tracheobronchia.Ngati mkamwa wofewa ndi wautali kwambiri, umapondereza chiwombankhanga cha epiglottic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulowa ndi kutuluka mumlengalenga, monga chitseko chomwe nthawi zonse chimakhala chotseguka ndipo sichikhoza kutsegulidwa kwathunthu.Mwanjira imeneyi, ikafunika kutulutsa mpweya wambiri panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kutentha, imakhudzidwa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwakuyenda, ngakhale dyspnea ndi chizungulire.Zoona zake, nthawi zambiri zimawonekera chifukwa chakuti agalu amphuno amfupi amatha kutenthedwa ndi kutentha pambuyo pa ntchito komanso pamene kutentha kumakhala kokwera m'chilimwe.Pakakhala kupuma movutikira, chifukwa cha hypoxia, kugunda kwa mtima kumathamanga kwambiri ndikuyambitsa matenda a mtima.

Anthu ena amanena kuti yaitali mphuno patsekeke, m`munsi mwayi kupuma matenda, amene ali wololera.Mphuno ya m'mphuno ili ndi tsitsi la m'mphuno ndi mitsempha ya magazi, yomwe imakhala ndi udindo wosunga kutentha kwa mpweya.Kukakhala kozizira, tenthetsani mpweya wozizira ndi kuziziritsa mpweya kutentha kukakhala kotentha, kuti mupewe kukondoweza mwachindunji kwa mpweya kukhosi ndi trachea.Mofananamo, tsitsi la mphuno limagwiranso ntchito pakusefa fumbi ndi mabakiteriya.Sichinthu choyamba cholepheretsa kukana kwa anthu, komanso chigoba chachilengedwe.Agalu athu okongola amphuno zazifupi ali ndi mphuno yaifupi.Ntchito izi mwachibadwa zimakhala zofooka.Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matenda am'mapapo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo kapena kukhudzana ndi chinthu chakunja.Tracheitis ndi bronchitis ndi matenda awo wamba.Ndiye amatha kukhala ndi tracheal stenosis, dyspnea, hypoxia… Ndipo amayendayenda ndikukhudza mtima.

Pazonse, agalu ammphuno amfupi kwambiri amakhala agalu okhalitsa.Kupatula agalu akuluakulu monga yingdou, ambiri a iwo amatha kufika zaka 16. Choncho, tiyenera kupanga kutentha kwabwino kwa iwo nthawi yotentha ndi yozizira chaka chonse, kuchepetsa zochitika zachiwawa ndi chisangalalo, ndi kuchepetsa fumbi ndi malo akuda. .Ndikukhulupirira kuti adzakutsagana nanu mu moyo wachimwemwe.